Selected U.S. Senate Proceedings and Debates on the Environment and Conservation, 1965-1976

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Wild and Scenic Rivers System

  • Senator Nelson (D-WI) introduces S. 897, establishing the St. Croix Scenic Waterway in Minnesota and Wisconsin, for himself and Senator Mondale. 89th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 111 (January 29, 1965): 1553.
  • Consideration of S. 897, establishing the St. Croix Scenic Waterway in Minnesota and Wisconsin; Senator Mondale argues: "In the face of ever-increasing urban sprawl, in the face of the oppressive nature of concrete, steel, and auto exhaust gases in our cities, we need more than ever a place of natural refuge and beauty, removed from the clamor of the towns and cities. We must move now to protect that river." The bill passes the Senate and is referred to the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 89th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 111 (September 8, 1965): 23041-23045.
  • S. 119, the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act is considered (introduced in January by Senator Church, D-ID); this bill is identical to S. 1446, introduced in 1965. 90th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 113 (August 7, 1967): 21689-21692.
  • Final debate on S. 119, the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act. The bill is passed and is referred to the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 90th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 113 (August 8, 1967): 21742-21751. (Mondale at 21749)
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 3754, designating the Kettle River a component of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System: "It is a truly magnificent river which deserves the protection of the wild rivers system." The bill is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 91st Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 116 (April 23, 1970): 12704-12705.
  • Senator Mondale reintroduces legislation (S. 1477) designating the Kettle River as a component of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. The bill is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 92nd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 117 (April 1, 1971): 9176-9177.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 1508, recommending the inclusion of Minnesota's Big Fork River in the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System: "In general, no spot on the American Continent is better endowed with natural growth than the Big Fork Valley. Heavy stands of sugar maple cover the ridges in the Bowstring area. Fields of wild rice are found on the upper reaches of the stream. Fur-bearing animals abound, with beaver on every tributary. Waterfowl are abundant during their migrations, and moose graze in the shallows and marshes. Heavy stands of pine line much of the stream from source to mouth." The bill is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 92nd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 117 (April 5, 1971): 9594-9595.
  • Senators Nelson (D-WI) and Mondale introduce S. 1928, amending the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act by designating a segment of the St. Croix River as part of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. 92nd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 117 (May 24, 1971): 16581-16584.
  • Senator Mondale is angry at the Department of Interior for its negative report on S. 1928 which claimed that the St. Croix "possesses no remarkable natural values:" "How can anyone explain why the Interior Department last week abruptly turned its back on all the evidence, the studies, the State and local support, the escalating threat to the river? ... People back home are shocked and puzzled at how lightly a Federal agency can dismiss both the evidence and their views. I share their dismay...." 92nd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 118 (April 19, 1972): 13454.
  • Senator Nelson (D-WI) submits Senator Mondale's statement to the Subcommittee on Public Lands of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs: "Senator Mondale presented an excellent summary of the many reasons why Federal protection is essential for the Lower St. Croix River to retain its unspoiled natural character. The Minnesota Senator also explained the strong Federal interest in saving this nationally important scenic and recreational asset." 92nd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 118 (June 5, 1972): 19710-19712.
  • S. 1928 is passed, including Amendment No. 1710, designating a segment of the St. Croix River as part of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, and Senator Mondale urges the Senate to act quickly: "Action now by the Senate can prevent the onslaught of wall-to-wall high rises, the noise and pollution from claiming one of the Nation's most precious, and one of our last unspoiled metropolitan rivers." The bill passes the Senate and is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 92nd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 118 (October 9, 1972): 34390-34393.
  • Senator Mondale calls attention to a land use controversy occurring along the Lower St. Croix River; a development company is moving ahead with a housing complex and ignoring a voluntary moratorium on construction on the river way: "The short-sighted actions of a few individuals must not be allowed to jeopardize one of America's most magnificent natural rivers." 93rd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 119 (August 2, 1973): 27526-27529.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 2443, designating a segment of the Upper Mississippi River for potential addition to the Wild and Scenic Rivers System. The bill is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 93rd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 119 (September 19, 1973): 30455-30456.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 2691 (for himself and Senators Humphrey (D-MN), Nelson (D-WI), and Proxmire (D-WI), designating the Kettle River as a component of the National Wild and Scenic River System: "With limited State resources, I believe Federal help is necessary to insure an effective preservation program. There is a strong Federal interest in seeking to safeguard the Kettle, an interest that is intensified by the fact that it is a tributary of the St. Croix River, a component of the National Wild and Scenic River System." The bill is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 93rd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 119 (November 13, 1973): 36753-36754.
  • Senator Nelson introduces S. 3022, a bill to amend the lower St. Croix River Act of 1972, for himself and Senators Mondale and Humphrey (D-MN); includes Senator Mondale's statement on the bill. 93rd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 120 (February 19, 1974): 3321-3322.
  • Senator Mondale supports S. 3022, a bill to amend the Lower St. Croix River Act of 1972: "In approving S. 3022 today, the Senate can insure that the priceless natural values of the lower St. Croix River are not destroyed but preserved for people today and for generations to come.... I am very pleased that the Senate Interior Committee has included ... the upper Mississippi and the Kettle, in accordance with legislation I introduced last year." The bill passes the Senate and eventually becomes Public Law 93-621. 93rd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 120 (October 3, 1974): 33748-33767. (Mondale at 33761)

Agricultural Conservation

National Parks and Recreation Areas

  • Senator Nelson (D-WI) submits a speech given by Senator Mondale to the Annual Assembly of Minnesota Conservation in which Senator Mondale calls for the establishment of the Voyageurs National Park in Minnesota. 90th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 113 (September 20, 1967): 26214-26215.
  • Senators Mondale and McCarthy introduce S. 3862, authorizing the establishment of the Voyageurs National Park. The bill is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 90th Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 114 (July 19, 1968): 22301.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 1962, establishing Voyageurs National Park in Minnesota. The bill is referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. 91st Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 115 (April 15, 1969): 10415.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 2097, establishing the Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Recreation Area: "I think we must be realistic in recognizing that it is only an accident of history that has allowed the lower Minnesota to remain much the way it was hundreds of years ago. We now have an opportunity to assure that man's carelessness in the rush for new development sites does not deprive future generations of an irreplaceable natural asset. I hope we will take this opportunity to preserve the lower Minnesota, thereby assuring that our children and their children will be able to use and enjoy this valuable, but fragile, resource." 94th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 121 (July 11, 1975): 22266-22269.
  • Senator Mondale discusses S. 2097, his legislation to establish the Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Recreation Area: "Unless we protect this unique area from careless development, future generations will not be able to enjoy the many opportunities for hiking, photography, hunting, fishing, and other wildlife-oriented activities this resource provides." The bill is indefinitely postponed in the Senate and H.R. 13374 (introduced in April 1975 by Representative Oberstar, D-MN) is passed in lieu. The bill becomes Public Law 94-466. 94th Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 122 (January 21, 1976): 410-413.

General Environmental and Conservation Issues

  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 4061, authorizing the construction of a dam and reservoir on the Wild Rice River above Twin Valley, MN for flood control and recreational use. The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 90th Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 114 (September 20, 1968): 27746-27748.
  • Senator Mondale reintroduces S. 4061 from the previous session as S. 1268, authorizing the construction of a dam and reservoir on the Wild Rice River above Twin Valley, MN for flood control and recreational use. The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 91st Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 115 (March 4, 1969): 5110-5112.
  • Senator Nelson (D-WI) submits Senator Mondale's commencement address to Winona State College in which he discusses the need to take care of the environment. Senator Mondale states, "We are a nation bedazzled by technology and addicted to crash solutions. We are a pragmatic people, one whose first response, in facing any dilemma, is to look for an instant answer. But this kind of mentality will no longer serve us, if we are to build an environment worthy of a man in this place, in this age." 91st Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 115 (July 8, 1969): 18715-18716.
  • Senator Nelson (D-WI) submits a speech given by Senator Mondale in a series of environmental teach-ins throughout Minnesota: “He called attention to the broad social and cultural basis for the neglect of our total environment, urging ‘fundamental changes in these economic habits, social values, and national priorities’ if we are to save ourselves.” 91st Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 116 (May 6, 1970): 14311-14312.
  • Senator Humphrey introduces and Senator Mondale cosponsors Amendment No. 64, a substitute to S. 2296, the Forest and Rangeland Environmental Act of 1973. 93rd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 119 (November 7, 1973): 36106-36114.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 3506, authorizing a lock and dam project on the Mississippi in order to help determine guidelines for channel maintenance and the protection of environmental and recreational values of the river: "The Mississippi River is an economic and environmental asset of unsurpassed value to the Upper Midwest. I believe this bill can help assure that it remains so." The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 94th Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 122 (May 28, 1976): 15914-15917.

Water Pollution/Clear Lakes

  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 3769, awarding agencies 90% of the cost of pilot projects designed to develop new methods of removing or preventing pollution of lakes: "Lakes are our salvation in the heartland of America. They refresh the landscape and rejuvenate our lives.... The benefits that flow from them are incalculable." The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 89th Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 112 (August 26, 1966): 20774-20776.
  • Senator Mondale proposes an amendment to H.R. 17787, an appropriations bill (introduced in September by Representative Kirwan, D-OH), knowing that it should not be accepted: "I felt it was still wise to propose the amendment, as a further effort to dramatize the need for long overdue measures by Congress to deal with the growing problem of pollution of our community lakes." The bill later becomes Public Law 89-689. 89th Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 112 (October 7, 1966): 25783-25784.
  • Senator Nelson (D-WI) introduces S. 3903, the River and Stream Erosion Control Act, for himself and Senators Mondale and Proxmire (D-WI). The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 89th Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 112 (October 12, 1966): 26311-26313.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 1341, a reintroduction of legislation which awards agencies funds for pilot projects designed to develop new methods of removing or preventing pollution of lakes. The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 90th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 113 (March 21, 1967): 7454-7455.
  • Senator Mondale joins Senator Muskie (D-ME) and others in sponsoring the Omnibus Water Pollution Act of 1969; the bill contains Senator Mondale's Clean Lakes Act of 1969, which provides federal funds for developing technology to attack the problem of pollution in small lakes. 91st Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 115 (January 15, 1969): 759-760.
  • Senator Mondale supports Senator Nelson's Amendment No. 132 to S. 7, the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1969: "I support this amendment because it establishes a mechanism for the Secretary of the Interior to determine maximum safe levels of pesticides in water that would represent the essential basis for action to deal with the pesticide pollution problem in water. Additionally, enactment of this amendment may serve as a workable model for necessary legislation to protect farm workers through establishment of a meaningful system for monitoring pesticide effects on man." 91st Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 115 (October 7, 1969): 28987-29008. (Mondale at 28996)
  • Consideration of S. 7, the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1969 (introduced in January by Senator Muskie, D-ME); Senator Mondale applauds the Senate for recognizing the need to preserve and protect the existing water supply; he announces upcoming legislation he plans to introduce called the National Clean Lakes Act of 1969: "Our lakes are so much a part of our life in Minnesota and across this country. Yet there are thousands of lakes in this country which are decaying and in danger of becoming extinct because of pollution and siltation." S. 7 is indefinitely postponed and H.R. 4148 is considered and passed in lieu. It later becomes Public Law 91-224. 91st Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 115 (October 8, 1969): 29089-29102. (Mondale at 29097)
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 3697, the Clean Lakes Act of 1970; he applauds the recent passage of the conference report for the Water Quality Improvement Act and its inclusion of the clean lakes research provision he and Senator Burdick (D-ND) introduced in 1966; he then argues that "we need to move immediately beyond research and study and begin implementing programs to restore and preserve these lakes. Many of the Nation's small fresh water lakes are deteriorating. Some of these lakes are in such desperate condition that they cannot wait for the research processes set up by the recently-passed clean lakes provision. It is to this problem that I am addressing my new legislation." The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 91st Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 116 (April 8, 1970): 10818-10819.
  • Senator Mondale expresses frustration that the provision for clean lakes research in the Water Quality Improvement Act has not been funded. 91st Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 116 (December 15, 1970): 41600-41601.
  • Senator Mondale introduces S. 1017, the Clean Lakes Act of 1971, amending the Federal Water Pollution Control Act: "The new clean lakes bill would establish a coordinated program of increased waste treatment and lake cleansing utilizing the latest technology. It is aimed at rehabilitating the lakes which are in particularly poor condition." The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 92nd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 117 (February 26, 1971): 4095-4097.
  • Senators Mondale and Humphrey (D-MN) introduce S. 1723, declaring Leech Lake, Cass Lake, and Winnibigoshish Lake non-navigable waters. The bill is referred to the Committee on Commerce. 92nd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 117 (April 29, 1971): 12595.
  • Consideration of S. 2770, amending the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (introduced and reported out of the Committee on Public works in October by Senator Muskie, D-ME); Senator Mondale speaks of the need for immediate action in enforcing more stringent standards for water pollution control: "Part of our problem is that we have expended too much energy attempting to determine who is responsible for this situation, and too little time trying to correct it. I am afraid there is plenty of blame to go around, and a multitude of weaknesses in the Nation's water pollution control programs." 92nd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 117 (November 2, 1971): 38825-38888.
  • President Nixon's veto message of S. 2770, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972. 92nd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 118 (October 17, 1972): 36859-36860.
  • Senate response to and override of President Nixon's veto of S. 2770. The bill becomes Public Law 92-500 without approval. 92nd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 118 (October 17, 1972): 36871-36879.
  • Senator Mondale submits an amendment to H.R. 8619, the Department of Agriculture and Environmental and Consumer Protection Agencies Appropriations of 1974 (introduced by Representative Whitten, D-MS), to provide provisions for his Clean Lakes Amendment for the restoration of community lakes. The bill eventually becomes Public Law 93-135. 93rd Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 119 (June 28, 1973): 22006-22015.
  • Senator Mondale speaks in support of a provision in the appropriations bill H.R. 15472 that authorizes water and sewage funds for lake restoration programs. 93rd Cong., 2nd sess., Congressional Record 120 (July 22, 1974): 24421-24422.
  • Senator Humphrey (D-MN) introduces for himself and Senator Mondale S. 2123, amending the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; the Act will enable the Twin Cities area to receive federal planning grants for area-wide waste treatment facility planning. The bill is referred to the Committee on Public Works. 94th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 121 (July 16, 1975): 22934.
  • Senator Mondale introduces an amendment to H.R. 8070 (introduced in June by Representative Boland, D-MA), adding $50 million to help clean up and to keep community lakes clean. A modified amendment is agreed to. The bill passes and later becomes Public Law 94-116. 94th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record 121 (July 26, 1975): 25131-25133.

Speeches & Publications Submitted